On the Question About the Features of the Condition of the Fetus in Pregnant Women With Thyroid Diseases

The purpose of the study is to assess the functional state of the fetus in pregnant women with certain thyroid diseases. Material and methods.The results of instrumental studies in 118 pregnant women, who were divided into three clinical groups, were analyzed. Group 1 (44 people) consisted of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). Group 2 (52 people) consisted of patients with diffuse toxic goiter (DTG). The 3rd group, which was control in relation to the other two, consisted of 22 pregnant women who had no somatic pathology and gestational complications. The diagnosis of thyroid diseases was made by an endocrinologist during a consultation in the third trimester of pregnancy on the basis of laboratory and instrumental data. The functional state of the fetus was assessed based on the total result of cardiotocographic and ultrasound studies, for which Partecust (Siemens, Germany) and Aloka-1700 (Hitachi, Japan) devices were used. Statistical processing of clinical material was carried out using StatSoft software, Russia. Research results. A comprehensive assessment of the adaptive capabilities of the fetus showed changes in its functional state in pregnant women with thyroid pathology. Prognostically, the most important thing in pregnant women with autoimmune thyroiditis and diffuse toxic goiter is a decrease to 0-1 points in indicators that determine motor activity and tone, respiratory movements, as well as the reaction to a non-stress test. Among patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and diffuse toxic goiter, a high assessment of the biophysical profile of the fetus occurred 4 and 3.4 times, respectively, less often than among women with a normal pregnancy (among pregnant women without somatic pathology and gestational complications). Conclusion. Disturbances in the function of the thyroid gland during the gestational period can have an adverse effect on the development of the fetus, which is a theoretical basis for the development of treatment and preventive methods aimed at improving perinatal outcomes in this group of patients