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To study the merging behavior of pedestrians in the Y-shaped passage, an improved social force model was proposed by introducing the force of deceleration and avoidance to optimize the interaction effect between pedestrians and introducing merging force and centripetal force to describe the behavior of pedestrians entering the main road from the branch road more accurately. In order to solve the problem of stagnation due to force balance that may occur in the social force model during the simulation of pedestrian movement, a simulated annealing algorithm to enhance the naturalness and reasonableness of the simulation was adopted. Pedestrian evacuation scenarios and processes are simulated, and these results are compared with experimental results to verify the feasibility of the improved social force model and simulated annealing algorithm. In addition, the effects of factors such as merging angles and branch widths on merging behavior are explored. The results show that moderately reducing the angle at which the two roads merge or increasing the width of the branch road can effectively improve evacuation efficiency.
Wei et al. (Wed,) studied this question.