Optimizing Energy Efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Dijkstra's Algorithm

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a network of special systems containing separate sensors working together to collect data about a particular phenomenon without the need for human intervention.Because of the limited battery life of sensor nodes, energy efficiency becomes a significant issue in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).This paper employs Dijkstra's algorithm to optimize energy-efficient routing in WSNs.Traditional shortest path finding algorithm in networks, Dijkstra's Algorithm is adjusted to minimize energy consumption by selecting routes that balance the energy load among nodes.This work employs the algorithm to consider dynamic aspects and energy metrics associated with WSNs.Using simulations, this proposed algorithm is compared against the Ant Colony Optimization algorithm (ACO) in terms of energy consumption, run time, network lifetime, node death rate, and data transmission success rate.The results show that Dijkstra's algorithm reduced overall power usage and extended network lifetime.This research emphasizes how graph-based algorithms can improve on-energy usage in WSNs thus providing a promising approach towards sustainable and long-lived sensor network deployments.Further optimization techniques and practical implementation scenarios will be explored in future work.