Regression Analysis of Cost and Economic Returns of Major Crops in Selected States of India From 2000-01 to 2021-22

Indian agriculture had reached the stage of development and maturity much before the now advanced countries of the world embarked on the path of progress. The share of agriculture in national income is often taken as an indicator of economic development. This study analysed and compared the cost and returns of principal crops in five major producing states of India like, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra and TamilNadu from 2000-01 to 2021-22. Data on the important variables like, cost of cultivation, production and yield of major crops like Paddy, Wheat, Maize and cotton.The study based on secondary information comprises from Agricultural statistics and Directorate of Economics and Statistics. For analysis of econometric technique like Simple linear regression model and Semi-log linear model were used in this study. The major objectives of the study are, to estimate the regression for cost of cultivation, production and yield of principal crops in selected states in India from 2000-01 to 2021-22 and to study the yield rates of principal crops in selected states of India during the study period. The major findings were derived the study are, the yield per hectare of all food grains has increased by more than two times in 2001 to 2017. The net return of paddy was Rs.10, 870 per hectare and the return of Wheat was Rs. 8614. 32 per hectare in 2017.The study of cost and return is a major economic analysis because the estimation of product cost is useful to decision making process at crop level and the profitability of the farmers, it can help in planning of future production.