The emerging role of CHI3L1 as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in allergic diseases and respiratory comorbidities

Chitinase-3-like protein-1 (CHI3L1), also known as human cartilage glycoprotein-39 (HC-gp39), plays a role in several biological processes, including oxidative damage, apoptosis, inflammatory vesicle activation, macrophage formation, and fibroblast proliferation. The potential of CHI3L1 as a biomarker and therapeutic target in allergic disorders and respiratory comorbidities. It also discusses CHI3L1-specific inhibitors and highlights the need for further research on their safety, efficacy, and interactions with other medications. The crucial roles of CHI3L1 in antigen-induced helper T cell 2 (Th2) response, antigen sensitization, and IgE production highlight its importance in allergic diseases. Elevated CHI3L1 expression has been noted in various allergic conditions, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic dermatitis. Plasma CHI3L1 levels are strongly correlated with disease incidence and progression, making it valuable for predicting disease onset and prognosis. Consequently, CHI3L1 has been studied as a potential therapeutic target and diagnostic marker. This review highlights the growing importance of CHI3L1 as a biomarker for allergic diseases, with particular emphasis on its potential in asthma, where it correlates with disease severity.