The Access to Credit in the Context of the ESG Framework at Global Level

This paper explores the critical role of the banking sector in facilitating the ecological transitionthrough the integration of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) factors. By analyzing theintersection of ESG considerations and access to credit globally, the study highlights how banks cancatalyze sustainable investments while balancing financial risks. Using a systematic literature reviewand k-Means clustering analysis, we assess the global landscape of credit access, emphasizing theimplications of ESG adoption on financial stability and economic growth. The findings suggest thatwhile ESG integration presents challenges, it offers significant opportunities for banks to enhancetheir competitiveness and foster resilient financial systems. The paper concludes by proposing policyrecommendations aimed at improving the incorporation of ESG factors within credit riskmanagement and promoting sustainable finance.