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The seismic seabed observations, the current state of the issue and the ways of development of bottom seismic using robotic tools are considered in the paper. An overview of the current types of bottom seismic surveys and their division into two main types — deep-water and shallow-water works and works in land-sea transition zones (transit zones) is given. The main current technologies used in both sectors of the bottom works market are discussed. The bottlenecks and problems of each of the types of technologies used are considered. The technology of self-popup seismic nodes for use in deep and shallow water is presented in detail. The advantage of using this technology for the bottom part of hybrid marine seismic surveys in deep water is shown. Several variants of the prospects for the development of self-popup technology in deep water are presented. Among them, a new direction of seabed seismic exploration in deep water has been analyzed in detail. It consists in the design and use of a large number of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV), each of which is complemented by the ability to receive and record seismic bottom data. A new technology of robotic surveys based on the use of self-popup nodes without leaving anchor on the seabed and an unmanned autonomous surface vessel-platform has been proposed for the shallowwater sector. The model of the self-popup node without leaving the anchor on the seabed has been tested. An effective way of automatically node deployment to the seabed has been found and tested. Marine tests of the emersion of the proposed model of a self-popup seismic node without anchor using compressed air technology have been carried out. The problems of the proposed model are identified. After that a stable modified version of its emersion under all weather conditions has been found.
Ilyinsky et al. (Tue,) studied this question.