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As global efforts intensify to combat climate change and achieve sustainable energy goals, nuclear power is re-emerging as a vital component of the energy mix. This article explores modern nuclear technologies' economic and environmental potential, focusing on the nuclear fuel cycle, Generation IV reactors, Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), and the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The nuclear fuel cycle, encompassing fuel production, utilization, and disposal, is evolving to become more efficient and sustainable, reducing costs and environmental impacts. Generation IV reactors and SMRs represent significant advancements, offering enhanced safety, efficiency, and flexibility, making nuclear power more accessible and adaptable. AI integration revolutionizes nuclear operations by optimizing performance, predictive maintenance, and safety monitoring. These technologies collectively enhance nuclear power's economic viability and environmental benefits, positioning it as a cornerstone of global zero-emission strategies. The return on involvement in nuclear energy is substantial, driven by economic growth, energy security, and technological advancements. Continued investment and innovation in these areas are essential for realizing the full potential of nuclear energy in a sustainable and carbon-neutral future. This article underscores the importance of nuclear power in achieving global climate objectives and fostering a sustainable energy landscape.
Zohuri et al. (Tue,) studied this question.