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Neem, scientifically known as Azadirachta indica, is a flowering plant indigenous to the subcontinent of India and a common medicinal plant of the Meliaceae family. It has been recognized as a potential biocidal product with maximum efficiency in plant pest and disease management. The bioactive compound of neem is Azadirachtin. It influences insects' metabolic processes and acts as a larvicidal, insecticidal agent. Excessive and indiscriminate amounts of chemical pesticides are used to mitigate pest-related problems, leading to environmental pollution and the growth of resistant strains of pests. Biopesticides are regarded as a synthetic pesticide substitute to reverse the negative trend. The active components of neem extract possess increased regulatory activity and an exclusive mode of action through ecdysone disruption. Neem-derived biopesticides can control major pest populations (leaf miners, aphids, whiteflies, fungi, etc.). This review discusses various extraction processes of neem active components and their mode of action.
Sinha et al. (Mon,) studied this question.