Enhancing the Robustness of P and O Algorithm-Based MPPT Control in Stand-Alone PV Systems through FineTuned PI Controller for Dynamic Load Variations

Solar power generation systems play a crucial role in the electricity generation network. However, standalone Photovoltaic (PV) systems exhibit several challenges, such as efficiency issues, non-linear waveforms, prolonged settling times for rapid load changes, and high ripple content in PV power output. These challenges need to be effectively addressed to operate PV systems at their maximum efficiency and reliability. Various Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms have been proposed to track the maximum power from PV panels. Nevertheless, the power output tracked by these algorithms often exhibits significant oscillations, making it unsuitable for direct utilization by the load. In this research paper, we present an innovative control technology that utilizes a Perturb and Observe (P and O) algorithm-based MPPT with a fine-tuned Proportional-Integral (PI) controller to maintain a consistent power profile. Our primary objective is to enhance the voltage, current, and power characteristics on both the PV and load sides of the system. Additionally, our proposed system ensures system stability even in the face of sudden load variations. By addressing these issues comprehensively, our research aims to significantly improve the overall performance and reliability of standalone PV systems, thereby promoting their widespread adoption and integration into the electricity generation network.