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In Tanzania, road traffic accidents (RTAs) remain a significant concern, with a high number of fatalities recorded annually. Driver negligence, dangerous driving behaviours, and inadequate road infrastructure contribute to these accidents, especially during nighttime driving in low-illumination conditions. This study conducted a situational analysis focusing on long-distance passenger vehicles and trucks in Tanzania to address this issue.Using a cost-effective questionnaire, data were collected from 140 commercial drivers at the National Institute of Transport from September to October 2023. Data were analysed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) covering demographics, perceptions of night driving, and driving abilities in low-light conditions. Analysis revealed a heightened awareness of nighttime driving risks among participants and varying perceptions of safety in reduced nighttime traffic. While drivers demonstrated confidence in technical driving abilities with street lights, challenges were evident in low-light scenarios, including difficulties in vehicle control and emergency responses.Reliability and validity analyses confirmed the questionnaire's effectiveness in assessing driving abilities and risk perception. Significant associations were found between demographic variables, driving experience, and the occurrence and severity of RTAs at different times of the day. Results underscored the importance of road illumination in reducing accidents and enhancing driver capabilities.The study recommends prioritising street lighting improvements in urban and rural areas to improve road safety. Additionally, targeted interventions, such as training programs focusing on driving skills in low-light conditions, can help mitigate the risks associated with nighttime driving. By addressing these issues, stakeholders can work towards reducing the incidence of RTAs and improving transportation efficiency in Tanzania and beyond.
Marwa Chacha (Sun,) studied this question.