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A revolutionary strategy for plant extracts and active ingredients is the development of innovative drug delivery systems (NDDS). Plant and bioactive extracts have been found to be the accessible methods for creating novel herbal formulations such as cubosomes, transferosomes, ethosomes, liposomes, phytosomes, nanoemulsions, microspheres, niosomes, planterosomes, cubosomes, and polymeric nanoparticles. Nutraceuticals and a well-known producer of herbal medications created the patented technique known as Phytosome. To create a lipid-compatible molecular complex in phytosomes, standardized extracts of plant or water-soluble phytoconstituents were enhanced and added to phospholipids. The drug's bioavailability and absorption are enhanced by these phytosomes. This innovative formulation offers a number of noteworthy benefits over traditional plant actives and extract formulations, such as improved solubility, bioavailability, and capacity to cross cell membranes, defense against toxicity, improved stability, prolonged delivery, and defense against physical and breakdown by chemical means. This review aims to provide an overview of water soluble phytoconstituents (such as tannins, terpenoids, flavonoids, etc.) that are poorly absorbed because of their large molecular size or poor lipid solubility, which leads to poor bioavailability, preparation techniques, particle size and shape, entrapment efficiency, administration route, biological activity, and applications of novel formulations.
Iqbal Danish (Sun,) studied this question.
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