Modeling the Transmission Dynamics of Maize Foliar Disease in Maize Plants

Maize Foliar Disease (MFD) is a significant issue affecting maize crop production globally, leading to substantial losses in both yield and quality. This study formulates and analyzes a mathematical model to understand MFD transmission dynamics in maize plants. We confirm that the model's solutions remain positive for all time t > 0. Utilizing the next generation matrix approach, we determine the basic reproduction number (R₀) and examine the stability of the disease-free equilibrium (DFE). Our findings indicate that the DFE is locally asymptotically stable when R₀are the most influential parameters affecting R₀. This implies that MFD control efforts should focus on reducing these rates. Effective strategies include implementing disease-resistant maize varieties and improving crop management practices to lower infection rates. Numerical simulations using MATLAB show that reducing these key parameters can effectively control MFD spread, providing insights into optimal intervention strategies. This study underscores the importance of targeted agricultural practices to mitigate MFD and enhance maize production.