Efficacy and safety of the paul glaucoma implant in the treatment of refractory primary congenital glaucoma

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the PAUL Glaucoma Implant (PGI) for managing refractory primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) over a one-year period. Study Design Retrospective. Methods A study was conducted using the medical records of thirty eyes of 17 patients who underwent PGI surgery for the treatment of refractory PCG. Primary outcome measures included failure criteria such as intraocular pressure (IOP) > 21 mm Hg, < 20% IOP reduction, necessity for further glaucoma intervention, implant removal, or loss of vision. Secondary outcomes focused on mean IOP, average number of glaucoma medications, best corrected visual acuity (logMAR), and incidence of complications. Results The mean preoperative IOP of 38.8 ± 9.2 mmHg significantly decreased to 16.1 ± 3.3 mmHg at 12 months postoperatively ( p < 0.001). The average number of glaucoma medications reduced from 3.6 ± 0.5 preoperatively to 0.9 ± 1.2 at 12 months post-op. Visual acuity remained stable in 24 eyes, decreased in 4, and increased in 2. Early postoperative complications occurred in 13.3% of patients, but no late complications were reported. The cumulative success rate was 86.6%. Conclusion The PGI appears to be a safe and effective option for managing refractory primary congenital glaucoma, demonstrating significant IOP reduction and decreased dependence on glaucoma medications over a one-year period, with a high success rate and manageable complication profile.