Sex, training variables, history of chronic disease, and chronic injury are risk factors associated with a history of exercise-associated muscle cramping in 10,973 ultramarathon race entrants: a safer XXXVIII study

The prevalence of a history of exercise-associated muscle cramping (hEAMC) among ultramarathon runners is high. While the Comrades is one of the most popular mass community-based participation ultramarathons (90 km) globally, research on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of entrants' lifetime hEAMC are scarce. This research aimed to describe the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of hEAMC among Comrades Marathon entrants.