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Introduction: Pterygium, derived from the Greek word "pterygos" meaning "wing, " is a triangular, wing -like growth of degenerative, fibrovascular tissue that extends from the conjunctival limbal region onto the cornea. This condition can affect up to 22% of people in equatorial regions, while its prevalence drops to below 2% in regions situated above 40 degrees latitude. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the ophthalmology department over a 12 -month period, involving 42 patients. Informed written consent was obtained from all participants, who were then interviewed about their symptoms and detailed medical history. A thorough clinical examination was also performed to assess the presenting illness. These findings were documented on a predesigned form. Results: The average preoperative astigmatism in the study group was 2.98 ± 1.52D. On the first postoperative day, the average astigmatism was 1.58 ± 1.06D. After one month, there was a statistically significant decrease in astigmatism to 0.93 ± 0.99D (p<0.001). Additionally, there was a correlation between the size of the pterygium and the degree of corneal astigmatism, indicating that as the pterygium area increased, so did the amount of corneal astigmatism. It was noted that as the percentage extension of the pterygium onto the cornea increased, so did the level of corneal astigmatism. Conclusion: There is a notable association between the size of the pterygium and the extent to which it extends onto the cornea with the development of corneal astigmatism. Furthermore, surgical intervention for pterygium leads to a significant reduction in corneal astigmatism.
Verma et al. (Wed,) studied this question.