Spectrum of cutaneous adverse drug reactions reported at a tertiary health care center

Background: Adverse drug reactions are important cause of morbidity ,hospitalization and increased expenditure .It has been observed in several studies that cases of adverse drug reactions in general population can range from 5 to 35 % in outpatient settings.(1)In developing countries like india adverse drug reactions are underreported.Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are one of the important adverse drug reactions which are underreported.Antimicrobials.anti-epileptic, anti-gout and anti-inflammatory are some of the commonest drugs implicated in causing cutaneous adverse drug reactions.(5)Sincemany new drugs are being approved thesedays, there is a need of constantly monitoring the cutaneous adverse drug reactions This study is basically a retrospective study to analyse spontaneously reported ADR's and the drug causing them at a tertiary health care center.Methods: This was a retrospective study done on spontaneously reported cutaneous adverse drug reactions reported by various department at shri shankaracharya hospital to adverse drug reaction monitoring centre at Shri Shankaracharya institute of medical sciences and hospital Bhilai, Chattisgarh, India between January 2023 to March 2024.Various information like age, name initials, weight, suspected medications, route of drug administration, indication and description of event were recorded from the suspected adverse drug reaction form.Various data obtained from ADR form included were age, weight, sex, description of the adverse event(with date of onset of reaction, date of drug administration),suspected medications (with date of administration, frequency of dosing, route of drug administration, indication) ,age at onset and concomitant drug administration were noted.Causality of the reactions were assessed using WHO-UMC (world health organization-uppasala monitoring centre) causality assessment scale.Results: All the 108 cutaneous adverse drug reactions analysed during the study, Maculopapular rash was the most frequent cutaneous adverse drug reaction reported adr followed by pruritus,acne urticaria, fixed drug eruption and other cutaneous adverse drug reactions.majority of the reported Adrs were due to Antimicrobial agents ( 60.18 % of all cases) followed by non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (22.22% of all cases) and Hormones and related drugs (7.40% of all cases) drugs.Conclusions: In the current study author found that Maculopapular rash was the most common cutaneous adverse drug reaction and antimicrobials agents were the most common drugs associated with cutaneous adverse drug reactions followed by Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.