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This paper aims to improve the performance of a self-priming pump by optimizing blade geometry parameters, with the head and efficiency as the targeted objectives. Based on the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) were conducted to investigate the pressure distribution characteristics inside the pump chamber and the variations in pump performance parameters. By analyzing the internal pressure field of the pump, it is concluded that adjusting the blade curvature radius and the outlet angle can change the area and uniformity of the low-pressure zones within the fluid to improve the pump performance. The results show that the fitted regression equations indicate that the blade curvature radius and the blade outlet angle have a significant impact on pump performance, while the blade inlet angle has a relatively minor effect. When the outlet angle β2=60∘, the change of the inlet angle β1 and the curvature radius R has basically no impact on the efficiency. The self-priming pump achieves its optimum performance when β1=50.8∘, β2=52∘ and R = 84.9 mm. Compared to the original model, the optimized model's head increases by 7.12%, H = 34.12 m; and the efficiency improves by 3.40%, η = 63.8.
Cheng et al. (Sun,) studied this question.