Modelling and analysis of Voltage Mode control (VMC) of Buck Converter using P, PI, PID Controller

To meet the ever-growing demand for using renewable energy, DC transmission, and DC energy usage, mainly in DCMG, PV systems, HEV charging stations, data centres, and street lighting, has been on the rise. The area of solar energy has this been particular having experienced significant growth on the global front, this has led to the development of DCMGs for renewable energy storage and supply. Converters as the main factor of these systems which are used to control power supply, transforming it from one form to another in order to facilitate appropriate power delivery and transmission. Current control, Field-Oriented or Sliding control modes were used to achieve the efficiency enhancement objective. Chattering, which leads to instability and signal output oscillations, can be prevented by using strategies like Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control and Fuzzy logic and they are also preferred because of their cost-effectiveness, low power requirements, and robustness. In this study, the voltage mode control is implemented in a buck converter using the P, PI, PID, control strategies, with a load on which monitoring the output regulation is being done. The study highlights that control schemes are crucial to ensure that the correct output voltage level can be achieved in spite the changes in input voltage or in the load conditions. This study may bring valuable insight into control strategies that can optimize the power regulation in both DC-DC converters and also in renewable energy technology. The principal features and implementing blocks of the PID controllers were described as elements on SIMULINK/MATLAB. Simulated values are used in the buck converter.