Qualitative Exploration of Learning Engagement Factors in University Flipped Learning Environment

Although various studies on the effectiveness of class using flipped learning and instructional design have been attempted, there are few cases where learning engagement factors have been explored from the perspective of learners participating in classes. Therefore, in this study, we would like to explore the factors that affect learning commitment in flipped learning. Engagement varies depending on the degree of motivation experienced and felt by learners, so it was considered as a method of grounded theory to explore learning engagement factors in a situation learning-based university flipped learning environment. As a result of this study, the core categories and types of college students’ flipped learning stories include ‘learning context consistent with individual interests and goals’, ‘learning content that affects the entire learning process’, ‘learning environment to communicate online and share in classrooms’, and ‘learning strategies according to learners’ personal resources.’ It was found that basic psychological needs affect learning commitment through the process of hypothesizing formalization of key categories. It is meaningful that the model was presented based on the derived theory, and based on this, the instructor presented implications for instructional design in consideration of the learner’s basic psychological needs when planning the learning environment.