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A crucial security feature called multifactor authentication (MFA) is intended to improve the security of sensitive data and digital identities. By employing many levels of authentication to confirm a user's identity, it greatly increases the difficulty for unauthorized users to access systems and data. Recent advancements in machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) have strengthened MFA systems and improved their usability and security.
Shaw et al. (Mon,) studied this question.