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This study explores the formation and development of journalism within the social communications system across Canada, Mexico, Guatemala, and Cuba, emphasizing the distinctive historical and cultural contexts that shape journalistic practices in these nations. Canadian journalism is influenced by its multicultural and multilingual environment, technological advancements, and issues related to accessibility and archival sources. In Mexico, historical complexities, such as the pre-Hispanic period and colonial impacts, play a significant role. Guatemala’s journalism is marked by its indigenous languages and the effects of a prolonged civil war on social communications. Cuban journalism, however, is heavily dictated by socialist policies, focusing on state-controlled media and the professional training of journalists. This comparative analysis reveals diverse trajectories in the evolution of journalism and social communication, driven by unique socio-political and cultural dynamics in each country
Олександр Холод (Wed,) studied this question.