Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
Abstract Efficient management of produced water presents an ongoing challenge in the oil and gas industry due to continuously increasing produced water volumes and the challenges related to handling, treatment & disposal as well as the associated energy consumption and emissions. Proper water management is especially important when produced water volume starts to affect the Oil production. This paper focuses on a specific cluster located in southern Oman, exploring the techniques employed to address these challenges and transform them into opportunities. The study highlights the importance of restricting the volume of water produced from the reservoir while maintaining optimal oil production levels, leading to the deployment of Autonomous Inflow Control Valves (AICVs), which are currently in use within the cluster. Furthermore, the paper delves into common methods for surface-level produced water handling and treatment, such as Deep-Water Disposal (DWD) and Water Injection (WI) wells. This paper showcases how DWD wells presented an untapped potential for a nearby field. Moreover, in line with energy consumption and emissions reduction requirements, and with a commitment to environmental sustainability, the paper showcases the company's environmental sustainability approach by utilizing Water Treatment Project (WTP) that significantly reduces energy footprint by relying on mechanical and biological processes, eliminating the need for pumps. This paper illustrates the efficacy of these subsurface control techniques and their substantial contributions to sustainable produced water management within the region, along with the surface-level handling and treatment approaches employed.
Al-Hajri et al. (Mon,) studied this question.