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We calculate exclusive J/ψ photoproduction at high energies in the color glass condensate approach. The results are compared to the center-of-mass energy dependent γ+A→J/ψ+A cross sections extracted from measurements in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. We predict strong saturation-driven nuclear suppression at high energies, while LHC data prefer even stronger suppression. We explore effects of nucleon shaped fluctuations and show that the most recent measurement of the |t|-differential incoherent J/ψ cross section prefers large event-by-event fluctuations of the nucleon substructure in heavy nuclei, comparable to that found for a free proton. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
Mäntysaari et al. (Mon,) studied this question.