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Abstract The current study was carried out at the Vegetable Experimental Farm of the College of Horticulture in Venkataramannagudem, Andhra Pradesh. The objective was to analyse associations between characters and direct and indirect effects for 12 traits associated with bitter gourd improvement and yield using a half diallel design. The experiment involved seven parents, twenty-one hybrid combinations, and two standard checks which were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. For every trait, genotypic correlations were found to be higher than phenotypic correlations, demonstrating that various traits have an inherent connection. Notably, at both the phenotypic and genotypic levels, yield per plant was significantly associated with plant height, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, fruit length and diameter, internodal length, and seeds per fruit. This shows that all six attributes should be studied together in order to increase bitter gourd yield. The average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, plant height, days to female flower appearance, fruit length and diameter, internodal length, and sex ratio all had a substantial and positive direct influence on fruit yield per plant, according to path coefficient analysis. This means that direct selection based on these attributes would result in increased bitter gourd fruit yield per plant.
Sriniva et al. (Mon,) studied this question.