Performance and harmonic detection algorithm of phase locked Loop for parallel APF

Abstract As the boost of power electronics technology, the harmonic problem in the power system is becoming increasingly prominent. Fourier decomposition is performed on the load current in the power system, and components with a frequency that is an integer multiple of the fundamental wave are referred to as harmonic components. Harmonic control is essential to establish a safe and reliable power grid environment and provide high-quality and clean electricity to power users. The study focused on parallel active power filters, proposed a specific harmonic detection method on the grounds of synchronous harmonic rotating coordinate system, and developed a phase-locked loop design on the grounds of order generalized integrator. Meanwhile, a compensation current control method on the grounds of space vector pulse width modulation was introduced. The results showed that in the full compensation simulation experiment, the compensated A-phase grid side current waveform was significantly improved and presented a sinusoidal shape. After 0.05 s, the actual output compensation current closely followed the command current. Meanwhile, after compensation, the total harmonic distortion rate decreased from 26.58 to 3.06%. In specific harmonic compensation simulation experiments, when the sum of 5th, 7th, and 11th harmonic components was used as the command current for compensation, the distortion of the current waveform was improved after the load undergoes a sudden change. After compensation, the 5th, 7th, and 11th harmonic content significantly decreased, and the total harmonic distortion rate decreased to 4.08%. This indicated that the proposed phase-locked loop design and harmonic detection method for active power filters had high stability and effectiveness. The study’s primary contribution is to enhance the utilization efficiency of DC voltage and improve the dynamic response ability of current. Additionally, it offers a new method for reducing the impact of harmonics on the power grid and improving power quality. It provided an effective method reference for technological progress in related fields such as power electronics and control engineering.