Probing the complexity of wood with computer vision: from pixels to properties

We use data produced by industrial wood grading machines to train a machine learning model for predicting strength-related properties of wood lamellae from colour images of their surfaces. The focus was on samples of Norway spruce ( Picea abies ) wood, which display visible fibre pattern formations on their surfaces. We used a pre-trained machine learning model based on the residual network ResNet50 that we trained with over 15 000 high-definition images labelled with the indicating properties measured by the grading machine. With the help of augmentation techniques, we were able to achieve a coefficient of determination ( R 2 ) value of just over 0.9. Considering the ever-increasing demand for construction-grade wood, we argue that computer vision should be considered a viable option for the automatic sorting and grading of wood lamellae in the future.