Effects of Hall, ion slip, viscous dissipation and nonlinear thermal radiation on MHD Williamson nanofluid flow past a stretching sheet

This work aims to explore the effects of ion slip and Hall current on the flow of MHD Williamson nanofluid over a stretching plate in the presence of chemical reaction, viscous dissipation, ohmic (Joule) heating, nonlinear thermal radiation, and heat generation/absorption. After using appropriate similarity transformations, the highly nonlinear governing partial differential equations are transformed to a system of ordinary differential equations. The subsequent non-linear problems are treated to numerical results by reducing the converted nonlinear ODE in to first order. The fifth-order Runge–Kutta method along with the shooting approach is implemented using the python programming tool to analyze the problem. Graphical representations have been used to investigate the impacts of the derived physical parameters on the temperature, velocity, and concentration distributions of nanoparticles with the goal of giving each parameter a physical interpretation. The study of the effects of various physical parameters on the skin friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number and the Sherwood number was finally explained with the help of graphs and tables. It is discovered that when the Hall parameter increases, both the principal and secondary velocity profiles decline but the temperature and concentration profiles rise. Both the Williamson parameter and ion slip effect produce similar results to the Hall parameter with decreasing velocity profiles and increasing temperature and concentration profiles. Furthermore, it is seen that the temperature and concentration profiles increase in response to an increase in the nonlinear thermal radiation parameter. The increment in Eckert number (viscous dissipation term) also showed enhancements in temperature and concentration profiles. Additionally, the primary skin friction coefficient and rate of mass transfer are accelerated by raising the Hall parameter, ion slip, Williamson parameter, or Darcy number, but the heat transfer rates are slowed down in the boundary layer. Lastly, the obtained results were cross-referenced with earlier findings, considering specific assumptions, to establish the credibility of the results. The comparison revealed that the new results provided valuable and profound insights into the studied phenomenon.