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Hemodialysis (HD) procedure is commonly performed in hospitals. It is typically conducted due to renal dysfunction, elevated levels of urea and serum creatinine, or excessive volume overload. Additionally, emergency hemodialysis may be implemented in cases of certain poisonings. Emergency HD procedures are usually performed through a temporary venous catheter. The majority of patients undergoing continuous HD therapy access dialysis through arteriovenous fistula and permanent HD catheter. This procedure can be carried out with a very low risk of complications when performed by experienced individuals.
Kabalcı et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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