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Abstract: With the rapid evolution of technology, smart cities have emerged as geographic areas powered by advanced information and communication technologies. These advancements have been significantly influenced by integrating smart technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and fog computing. This paper aims to explore the impact and potential of these technologies on healthcare services within the context of smart cities. Fog computing, as a solution to the challenges faced by integrated Cloud Computing (CC) in IoT applications, offers a promising approach by bringing computation closer to the edge devices. Unlike traditional cloud-based approaches, fog computing enables local data processing and storage, resulting in improved performance, security, and reduced latency. Furthermore, fog computing acts as a middle layer between IoT sensors/devices and cloud data centers, facilitating efficient resource provisioning and service administration. In smart cities, IoT, blockchain, and fog computing are pivotal in enhancing healthcare services. While IoT is widely integrated into healthcare systems, it faces challenges such as cost efficiency, data privacy, and data interoperability. In contrast, blockchain technology offers solutions for safeguarding private data, establishing decentralized databases, and enhancing data interoperability.
Khunaal Aryan (Thu,) studied this question.