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In recent years, the new energy vehicle industry has boomed, and the demand for lithium-ion batteries has increased. However, the performance of lithium-ion batteries fails to meet the ultra-high demand for supplying automobiles for long-distance driving. This paper provides an in-depth discussion on the performance of lithium-ion batteries from the perspective of positive and negative electrode materials, respectively, with a detailed overview of the cell structure, material advantages and disadvantages, preparation conditions, and methods to enhance performance. Lithium manganate is inexpensive and rich in mineral resources, but its structure is unstable. Lithium iron phosphate is chemically stable, but its efficiency is low. Ternary anode material has high specific capacity, but its structure is unstable. Carbon anode is chemically stable, but its specific capacity is low. Silicon anode has excellent specific capacity, but due to its chemical properties, its battery life is extremely short. The pursuit of power supply, range, and safety in new energy vehicles is the goal of lithium-ion battery development at this stage. This paper provides a reference for understanding the structure of lithium-ion batteries and provides a macro idea for the sustainable development of the new energy industry.
Ziqian Yan (Tue,) studied this question.