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In this paper, we present a system based on a microcontroller unit (MCU) for measuring the utilization rate of traditional, non-networked machinery.This equipment is designed for use with older machines equipped with andon lights.It employs optocoupler circuits to capture the status of these lights and current transformers to measure their operating and standby currents.Data is transmitted to the server using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) in JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format.On the server side, a Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) interprets the data, connects to a Structured Query Language (SQL) database, and stores the data using SQL commands.Users can access graphical data through a web-based interface, using it to refine production processes, reduce production costs, and minimize carbon emissions.
Hung et al. (Thu,) studied this question.