Comparison of clinicopathologic characteristics and survival outcomes of various subtypes of breast cancer

Abstract Background Breast cancer is often classified into subtypes using immunohistochemical markers. This study aimed to compare the histopathological features, prognostic indicators, and clinical outcomes of diverse breast cancer subtypes. Patients and methods: A retrospective study was undertaken and all patients of various subtype of breast cancer over a 5 year period were included. Clinicopathological characteristics, including tumor size, lymph node (LN) metastasis, histological grade, immunohistochemical markers (estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2neu status), TNM staging, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion (PNI), and overall survival (OS),and Disease free survival(DFS) were comprehensively evaluated. Results Of the 9310 individuals diagnosed with breast cancer, a vast majority (99.4%) was females. Patients with invasive papillary carcinoma tumor subtypes presented with an older mean age (57.24 ± 12.92) years. Tumor grade exhibited a statistically significant correlation with tumor subtype (P < 0.001). Invasive lobular carcinoma (94.8%), IPC (94.3%), and mucinous carcinoma (93.6%) demonstrated excellent OS rates in stages I, II, and III. However, ICMP (94.6%) exhibited superior OS in stages II and III. In terms of DFS, IPC (94.2%), mucinous carcinoma (94.5%), and ICMP (93.6%) showed favorable DFS rates in TNM stages 1 and 2, with ICMP maintaining exceptional DFS rates in stage 3. Conclusion Invasive carcinoma with medullary features has the highest DFS rate across all stages, while mucinous and invasive papillary carcinoma have the highest DFS rates in TNM stage 1. Mucinous tumors have the highest DFS rates in TNM stage 2, followed by invasive carcinoma with medullary features. Invasive lobular carcinoma, invasive papillary carcinoma, and mucinous tumors had excellent overall survival (OS) rates in stages I, II, and III. Invasive carcinoma with medullary features had superior OS in stages II and III.