Reproduction of potential fertility of gray forest soil using elements of biological agriculture technologies

To investigate the influence of elements of biological farming technologies, which reproduce the potential and increase the effective fertility of gray forest soil, minimize the degradation processes of arable soil. Methods. Field experiment, laboratory, analytical, mathematical-statistical, comparative-calculation. Results. The scientific justification of the authors on the essence of reproduction of the potential fertility of gray forest soils in the northern part of the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine, its types and forms of manifestation, factors of improvement and regulation by elements of biological farming technologies is presented. On the basis of many years of research, an analysis of fertility indicators for physico-chemical, agrochemical properties and light loamy soil was conducted, a set of agrotechnological measures and laws aimed at preventing the degradation processes of acidic gray forest soil and preserving fertility in the agrocenosis were substantiated. Due to the application of green manure and liming in full dose according to hydrolytic acidity, the content of humus in the 7th year of action was 1.70–1.76%, respectively, the reserves of humus were 51.0–52.8 t/ha, and the number of exchangeable cations in GVK was more than 80%. The combination of these agricultural measures on gray the forest soil not only allowed the humus content to increase to 20%, but also provided a favorable nutrient regime of the soil – N – 72.8; P2O5 – 191.3; K2O – 88.5 mg/kg of soil. Repeated application of the ameliorant in a full dose according to hydrolytic acidity in combination with by-products and green manure in the arable layer of gray forest soil provides, as of the 14th year after the action, the optimal level of physicochemical indicators: hydrolytic acidity – 1.98 mg- eq/100 g of soil, the pH of the soil solution is close to neutral (5.4–5.6), the content of mobile aluminum is 0.16 mg/100 g of soil, as well as an increase in the productivity of grain-grass crop rotation by 10–32%. Conclusions. the main issues of influence of the elements of biological farming technologies, the effectiveness of the action and after-effects of the application of periodic liming in combination with organic fertilizer have been proven. The comparative productivity of the 7-field crop rotation for the III and IV rotations on the gray forest soil of the elements of biological farming technologies, as well as the yield and quality of winter wheat for the 1st year of action of the ameliorant Omya Calciprill, is given.