The effects of rondo-based training on technical performance and physiological load in female futsal players

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of rondo exercises on the index of heart energy expenditure and the performance of some basic skills (dribbling, passing, and shooting) in female futsal players. Methodology: An experimental design with a pre-test and post-test for two groups (experimental and control) was used. The research sample included 60 female players from the Iraqi Premier League clubs, who were randomly divided into two equal groups (n = 30 per group). The experimental group followed a rondo-based training program for 10 weeks, while the control group continued with their regular training. Field tests and the Brash Index were used to evaluate the variables. Results: The results showed a statistically significant improvement in all variables for the experimental group. The mean shooting score for the experimental group increased from 8 to 12 points (t=10.554), while it did not change significantly in the control group. The heart energy expenditure index also improved in the experimental group (t=14.975), outperforming the minor improvement in the control group. Discussion: The findings are attributed to the fact that rondo exercises function as a form of high-intensity interval training, which improves the efficiency of the cardiorespiratory system. They also provide a realistic environment for developing technical skills within a game-like context. Conclusions: Rondo exercises are an effective and integrated training method for improving both the physiological fitness and fundamental skill performance of female futsal players, and they are superior to traditional training methods in achieving this goal