This paper studies the influence of moral emotions and beliefs on understanding charitable giving. While specific moral emotions such as empathy, guilt, and shame have been associated with prosocial behavior, how they impact giving behavior may depend on beliefs about the giving of others. Using a laboratory experiment, individuals participated in a dictator game with charity and completed measures of beliefs, empathy, guilt, and shame. Results show that while individual variation in empathy, guilt, and shame is important in explaining charitable giving, these effects depend crucially on individual beliefs.
Garret Ridinger (2025) studied this question.