Abstract— This Research dismantles the paradigm of innate, universal grammar, arguing instead that linguistic competence is a conscious performance of “Socio-Cultural Consciousness”. Employing comparative ethnography across Nepali speech communities, this study analyzes cross-ethnic accent acquisition and socio-professional lexicons. Findings reveal that individuals consciously acquire, perform, and reform their language, demonstrating profound neuroplasticity and agency that falsify nativist predictions. This model is bolstered by primate language studies, where apes like Kanzi demonstrate conscious symbolic learning, dismantling the premise of the human-unique language module. Synthesizing ethnographic and comparative evidence, this anthropological perspective states that language is not a pre-wired biological inheritance but a pliable tool mastered through conscious socio-cultural practice. The study demands a paradigm shift toward investigating the neuroscientific correlates of this consciousness, forging a new interdisciplinary science of language.
Aayushman K.C. (Tue,) studied this question.