Abstract This study explores how Korean-English bilinguals perceive and negotiate linguistic variety in English amid increasing globalisation and transnational intercultural connectivity. Despite growing acknowledgement of World Englishes, tensions persist between native-speaker norms and localised variations, especially in South Korea where American English remains the privileged standard. Through semi-structured interviews and reflective writing with seven Korean bilingual university students, this research examines their attitudes toward English varieties, accent preferences, and perceptions of Korean-English and Konglish. We characterise the findings as ‘reflexive linguistic pragmatism.’ Participants balance communicative effectiveness based on native English speakers’ norms with localised cultural expression, viewing English as both a global communication tool and a resource for identity performance. Their perspectives are shaped by transnational experiences and digital connectivity, which foster acceptance of linguistic diversity. Moreover, while distinguishing between Korean-English as globally legitimate and Konglish as erroneous yet locally meaningful cultural practice, participants demonstrate agency in navigating competing language ideologies. These findings suggest the continuing need for English language teaching practices in Korea and beyond to acknowledge the evolving role of English as a flexible communicative and identity expressive resource amid learners’ increasing transnational connectivity.
Ruane et al. (Fri,) studied this question.