Abstract: As semantic outsourcing becomes increasingly normalized in large-scale AI-mediated environments, evaluation of model outputs can no longer rely solely on accuracy, bias, or hallucination metrics. Semantic outputs are now persistently stored, recomposed, and reused across agents and contexts, creating downstream consequence chains that extend beyond original generation events. Existing evaluation approaches lack a structured framework for assigning responsibility and conducting semantic-level review under these conditions. This paper introduces Cognitome Semantic Deliberation (CSD) as a responsibility-oriented analytical framework for examining semantic outputs in sociotechnical systems. Grounded in Cognitome Theory of Meaning Structure (CTMS), CSD treats semantic outputs as externally operable meaning structures subject to review, challenge, and intervention. Rather than evaluating internal cognition or model intention, the framework focuses on deliberative processes applied to semantic artifacts and their systemic effects. CSD defines deliberation as a structured semantic review process that can be performed by human or artificial Cognitome Entities (CEs) across interaction layers. It provides conceptual tools for identifying responsibility gaps, evaluating semantic risk, and designing intervention points in cross-agent semantic workflows. Overall, this work establishes a mid-level deliberative framework that complements CTMS by extending structural meaning analysis into responsibility attribution and semantic governance. It responds to an emerging technical reality in which semantic production is persistent, distributed, and socially consequential. Note on Version 1.1 (2026/02/04) This version (V1.0, February 2026) introduces the Cognitome Semantic Deliberation (CSD) framework for responsibility-oriented semantic analysis under conditions of semantic outsourcing. The paper defines deliberative semantic review processes and responsibility gaps in cross-agent semantic systems, grounded in Cognitome Theory of Meaning Structure (CTMS). Note on Version 1.2 (2026/02/05) Version 1.2 clarifies the conceptual positioning of Cognitome Semantic Deliberation (CSD) in relation to existing Human-in-the-Loop (HITL/HOTL/HOO) frameworks. It emphasizes CSD as a responsibility-oriented, epistemic layer that complements—rather than replaces—engineering control mechanisms. Minor clarifications are also added to improve accessibility for first-time readers. Key Concepts: Cognitome Semantic Deliberation (CSD): A deliberative framework for responsibility-oriented semantic evaluation. Semantic Deliberation: A structured review and intervention process applied to externally operable meaning structures. Responsibility Gap: A condition in which semantic consequences occur without clearly attributable accountable agents. Semantic Outsourcing: The practice of delegating semantic production and processing to artificial systems. Cognitome Theory of Meaning Structure (CTMS): The structural meaning framework on which CSD is built. Terminological Note: CSD is developed within the framework of Cognitome Theory of Meaning Structure (CTMS). In the author’s parallel Chinese-language research program, the corresponding concepts are referred to as 「智格理論」 (Cognitome Theory) and 「智格語義審議」 (Cognitome Semantic Deliberation).
An-chen Tam (Tue,) studied this question.