This paper analyzes the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) Cold Spot using the Mass Curvature Rate (MCR) framework. It estimates the comoving radius, temperature anomaly, gravitational potential, and mass deficit associated with the underdense region. Numerical evaluation shows a mass deficit of approximately 2 × 10¹⁵ solar masses and a comoving radius of ~12.5 Mpc, consistent with typical cosmic voids. The analysis demonstrates that the MCR framework can reproduce the observed CMB temperature anomaly and naturally incorporates Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effects, providing insights into large-scale underdensities in the Universe.
Myomin Aung (Thu,) studied this question.