ABSTRACT This study seeks to review the existing literature on social and environmental (S&E) shareholder activism (SA) to trace its evolution, identify key areas of research, and develop a conceptual framework to understand how activist shareholders shape corporate approaches to S&E issues. Our review is based on the Scopus database and focuses on articles published in peer‐reviewed journals within the Business, Management, and Accounting (BMA) disciplines. The study identifies the main thematic, geographical, methodological, and theoretical issues of the extant papers, revealing how S&E SA serves as a mechanism of influence within corporate governance and stakeholder relations. In addition, supported by an input–output analytical framework, the article culminates in the proposal of a conceptual model for studying S&E SA. This model captures the key dimensions influencing the phenomenon and provides a foundation for scholars seeking to explore how activist shareholders shape corporate approaches to S&E issues. In doing so, the article not only systematises the current knowledge base but also paves the way for a richer, more contextualised research agenda in the years to come.
GUAZZARONI et al. (Fri,) studied this question.