This research paper focuses on analyzing the tractive effort coefficient of a Non-Pneumatic (NP) tire model using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The NP tire is modelled with four layers representing tread, under-tread, spokes, and rim. The material behavior of the tire is defined using various material models, including the Mooney-Rivlin formulation for rubber components. The NP tire model is verified under both static and dynamic conditions through vertical stiffness, footprint, and first-mode vibration tests. Subsequently, the NP tire is positioned on a rigid road surface with a constant friction coefficient of 0.8 to simulate asphalt. The NP tire–road interaction characteristics are analyzed, and the resulting contact forces and moments are determined. The tractive effort is then evaluated under different operating conditions, including variations in vertical load and applied torque. This study provides valuable insights into the factors influencing the performance of driven NP tires.
Joy et al. (Tue,) studied this question.