Methodological Assessment of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ethiopia Using Difference-in-Differences Models

Public health surveillance systems are critical for monitoring disease outbreaks and ensuring effective public health responses in Ethiopia. A systematic review was conducted on data from various sources including official reports and research studies. DiD models were applied to assess changes in disease reporting rates before and after the implementation of surveillance systems enhancements. The DiD model revealed a statistically significant increase (p<0. 05) in the number of reported diseases post-enhancements, indicating an efficiency gain in public health surveillance. The application of DiD models to evaluate public health surveillance systems has provided evidence for potential improvements and highlighted areas needing further attention. Future studies should consider expanding the scope of public health surveillance systems and incorporating more diverse data sources to enhance their effectiveness. Public Health Surveillance, Difference-in-Differences Model, Efficiency Gains, Ethiopia Treatment effect was estimated with logit (pᵢ) =₀+^ Xᵢ, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.