Open Distance Electronic Learning (ODeL) has gained immense popularity due to its flexibility, convenience, and accessibility. However, ensuring quality of service (QoS) in ODeL in developing countries such as Ghana remains a significant challenge. This paper proposes a QoS framework (QoSODeL) that uses security, network bandwidth management, and conflict management as key elements to support smart education in Africa. Structural equation modeling, based on data from 551 participants (476 students, 53 lecturers, and 18 administrators), was used to validate the model. The QoS constructs showed high internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha values for security, bandwidth management, and conflict management exceeding 0.9, and the model demonstrated good fit with an RMSEA below 0.05. The findings indicate that achieving QoS in ODeL in Africa requires careful consideration of these key elements.
Amoako et al. (Thu,) studied this question.