Supplementary Material for "Combining optical and radio science data from JUICE and Europa Clipper missions to constrain the ephemerides of Io"

Key Points

• The aim is to enhance the understanding of Io’s ephemerides through combined observational data.
• Provided theoretical derivations related to Io's movement and position.
• Included implementation details for data analysis from JUICE and Europa Clipper missions.
• Outlined extended experiments to validate the theoretical models.
• Supplemented the main article with additional figures illustrating findings.
• Theoretical derivations support improved precision in predicting Io’s ephemerides.
• Extended experiments confirmed the reliability of combined optical and radio data.
• Supplementary figures enhance understanding of data integration methods.