This study investigates the often overlooked reintegration challenges of short-term ex-prisoners in India who served brief sentences for non-violent offenses such as substance use and minor theft. Despite their limited incarceration, participants reported enduring post-release disruptions in family relationships, employment, and social identity. Using qualitative interviews with 17 ex-prisoners (10 men and 7 women) in Assam and Delhi, thematic analysis revealed four major barriers: stigma, emotional isolation, financial instability, and strained familial ties. Gender differences were evident, with men emphasizing external judgment and paternal disappointment, while women described emotional withdrawal, psychological confinement, and reluctance to seek support. These findings demonstrate that even short periods of incarceration can have lasting social and psychological consequences, yet this population remains largely neglected by policy and rehabilitation programs. The absence of targeted services heightens vulnerability to recidivism and prolonged marginalization. The study discuss the urgent need for culturally sensitive interventions such as counseling, vocational training, and community-based support networks to address stigma, rebuild trust, and promote successful reintegration. By focusing on this under-researched group, the study contributes to rethinking correctional practices in India and advancing more humane and inclusive reintegration policies.
Singh et al. (Sun,) studied this question.