ABSTRACT The transition toward sustainable, eco‐friendly antidegradants in rubber compounds aligns with the global mandate to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Tire–road wear particles (TRWPs) represent a major environmental concern due to their persistence and contribution to microplastic pollution. Conventional non‐biodegradable waxes, widely used as static antiozonants, contribute to TRWPs and adversely affect aquatic ecosystems and water quality. In this study, OECD 301B‐certified, REACH‐compliant biodegradable waxes are investigated as potential alternatives to conventional waxes in natural rubber (NR) compounds. Three grades with differing physical properties are evaluated at equivalent loadings with respect to cure kinetics, physico‐mechanical performance, and resistance to oxidative and ozonolytic degradation. NR vulcanizates containing biodegradable waxes exhibit comparable, and in several cases superior, performance relative to the conventional formulation. To quantitatively substantiate sustainability benefits, a mass‐balance‐based material flow analysis is conducted using SankeyMATIC. Recent reports indicate that approximately 62% of global microplastic generation originates from TRWPs, of which ∼1.62% is attributable to static antiozonants. Replacement with biodegradable waxes shifts this fraction toward degradable pathways, resulting in an estimated ∼1.01% reduction in global microplastic persistence. This cumulative mitigation effect increases with projected tire production growth of 8.34% by 2031, supporting SDG 6 and SDG 14.
Das et al. (Thu,) studied this question.