Synergistic mechanochemical activation and carbon-thermal shock for full-component upcycling of retired photovoltaic modules

Key Points

• Upcycling retired photovoltaic modules results in enhanced material recovery and efficiency gains.
• Key evidence shows 90% recovery of reusable materials from retired photovoltaic modules.
• Assessment using mechanochemical activation and carbon-thermal shock demonstrates effective upcycling.
• Highlights the potential for sustainable material reuse in renewable energy sectors through innovative approaches.