Toward smart cities: analysis of critical factors of new disaster risks in smart cities using a fuzzy DANP-ISM method

The transition from traditional cities to smart cities is not only reflected in the optimisation and upgrading of urban infrastructure public services but also in the expansion and intensification of new disaster risks. This study first reviewed the related work on disaster risks of smart cities and thereby constructed an indicator framework of new disaster risk influencing factors for smart cities. Then, a fuzzy DANP-ISM method was developed to analyse the interactions and prioritise these factors. The results revealed the critical factors of new disaster risks in smart cities, including online mass incidents, cyberterrorism, technology ethics, information infrastructure, physical infrastructure, information overcollection, cyber-attacks and information leakage. Among them, information infrastructure and physical infrastructure were the primary influencing factors, with the other factors being influenced by them. Furthermore, major challenges of new disaster risk management in smart cities are discussed in this paper, and corresponding strategies are provided. This study not only enriches the risk studies of smart cities but also provides important theoretical and methodological references for emergency management of smart cities.