The main objective of the activities in the fields of thermal-hydraulics and structural mechanics performed by Target Development Group (TDG) at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), which comprise extensive computational and experimental studies, is to investigate various designs and cooling capabilities of the components and parts of spallation targets and to analyse hydraulic, structural and thermal behaviour of the target systems. The design and optimization of spallation targets with high heat deposition densities is a continuous effort using the latest version of Monte-Carlo particle transport (MC), commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Methods (FEM) codes. Various examples shown in this paper illustrate modelling and experimental procedures employed in the target development at PSI.
Milenković et al. (Fri,) studied this question.